Journal of Entomology and Zoology, Vol. 06, No. 4, December 1914

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Journal of Entomology and Zoology, Vol. 06, No. 4, December 1914 This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org . If you are not located in the United States, you’ll have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title : Journal of Entomology and Zoology, Vol. 06, No. 4, December 1914 Author : Various Release date : January 20, 2015 [eBook #48031] Language : English Credits : Produced by Larry B. Harrison, Tom Cosmas and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY, VOL. 06, NO. 4, DECEMBER 1914 *** cover VOLUME SIX NUMBER FOUR JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY DECEMBER, 1914 PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY POMONA COLLEGE DEPARTMENT of ZOOLOGY CLAREMONT, CALIFORNIA, U. S. A. CONTENTS Pseudoscorpions in the Claremont-Laguna Region — Margaret M. Moles 187 Some Points in the Nervous System of a Large Deep Water Crab — Wm. A. Hilton 198 A New Pseudoscorpion From California — Nathan Banks 203 A Nebalia From Laguna Beach — R. La Follette 204 Starfish of Laguna Beach 209 Barnacles of Laguna Beach 212 Notes on the Eggs of Some Laguna Beach Invertebrates — P.A. Lichti 215 Preliminary Notes on Some Marine Worms Taken at Laguna Beach — W. F. Hamilton 217 Studies in the Comparative Size of the Red Blood Corpuscles of Birds — Chi Tsau Wang 221 Caprellidæ From Laguna Beach — R. La Follette 222 Short Notes 233 Additional Notes on the Birds of Laguna Beach — Leon L. Gardner 235 A New Dipterous Gall on Stanleya — T. D. A. Cockerell 240 Hydroids of Laguna Beach — Prof. A. M. Bean 242 Summer School at Laguna Beach 245 Entered at Claremont, Cal., Post-Office Oct. 1, 1910, as second-class matter, under Act of Congress of March 3, 1879 Journal of Entomology and Zoology EDITED BY POMONA COLLEGE, DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY Subscription $1.00 to domestic, $1.25 to foreign countries. This journal is especially offered in exchange for zoological and entomological journals, proceedings, transactions, reports of societies, museums, laboratories and expeditions. The pages of the journal are especially open to western entomologists and zoologists. Notes and papers relating to western and Californian forms and conditions are particularly desired, but short morphological, systematic or economic studies from any locality will be considered for publication. Manuscripts submitted should be typewritten on one side of paper about 8 by 11 inches. Foot notes, tables, explanations of figures, etc., should be written on separate sheets. Foot notes and figures should be numbered consecutively throughout. The desired position of foot notes and figures should be clearly indicated in the manuscript. Figures should be drawn so that they may be reproduced as line cuts so far as possible. An unusually large number of half tones must be paid for in part by the author. Other more expensive illustrations will be furnished at cost. Figures for cuts should be made to conform to the size of the page when reduced, that is, 5 by 7½ inches or less. The lettering should be by means of printed numbers and letters pasted on the drawings, in most cases. Authors of articles longer than a thousand words will receive fifty reprints of their publications free of cost. If more than this are desired, the order should be given with the return of the proof sheets. Extra copies and special covers or special paper will be furnished at cost. Authors of short contributions will receive a few extra copies of the number containing their articles. Manuscripts should be sent by express or registered mail. Address all communications to The Journal of Entomology and Zoology William A. Hilton, Editor Claremont, California, U. S. A. JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY VOLUME VI, 1914 PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY THE DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY OF POMONA COLLEGE CLAREMONT, CALIFORNIA, U. S. A. Contents of Volume VI Volume VI, Number 1 Kuwana, S. I. Coccidæ of Japan, 1. Alexander, C. P., and Lloyd, J. T. The Biology of the North American Crane-Flies (Tipulidæ Diptera), 12. Hilton, William A. The Central Ganglia of Xenylla, 38. Moles, Margaret Lyons A New Species of Pseudoscorpion from Laguna Beach, Cal., 42. Bacon, Gertrude Neanura Gigantea Tull in Southern California, 45. Shorter articles, 48. Wants and Exchanges, 52. Volume VI, Number 2 Banks, Nathan New Acarina, 55. Funkhouser, W. D. Some Philippine Membracidæ, 67. Essig, E. O. The Second Protodiaspis, 76. Moles, Margaret Lyons A Pseudoscorpion from Poplar Trees, 81. Bacon, Gertrude A. A New Species of Tullbergia, 84. Gardner, Ray Earl Some Notes on the Distribution of Cinura in the Vicinity of Claremont, with Description of a New Species, 86. Felt, E. P. Aplonyx Sarcobati N. Sp., 93. Hilton, William A. The Nervous System of Neanura Gigantea Tull, 95. Shorter Articles, 98. Wants and Exchanges, 102. Volume VI, Number 3 Alexander, Charles Paul Biology of the North American Crane-Flies (Tipulidæ Diptera), 105. Ewing, H. E. The Geographical Distribution of Our Common Red Spider, Tetranychus Telarius Linn., 121. King, Geo. B. The Eleventh Kermes (Coccidæ) from California, 133. Hilton, William A. The Central Nervous System of the Pycnogonid Lecythorhynchus, 134. Bacon, Gertrude Auld The Distribution of Collembola in the Claremont-Laguna Region of California, 137. Wants and Exchanges, 185. Volume VI, Number 4 Moles, Margaret M. Pseudoscorpions in the Claremont-Laguna Region, 187. Hilton, Wm. A. Some Points in the Nervous System of a Large Deep Water Crab, 198. Banks, Nathan A New Pseudoscorpion from California, 203. La Follette, R. A Nebalia from Laguna Beach, 204. Starfish of Laguna Beach, 209. Hughes, Miss S. P. Barnacles of Laguna Beach, 212. Lichti, P. A. Notes on the Eggs of Some Laguna Beach Invertebrates, 215. Hamilton, W. F. Preliminary Notes on Some Marine Worms Taken at Laguna Beach, 217. Wang, Chi Tsau Studies in the Comparative Size of the Red Blood Corpuscles of Birds, 221. La Follette, R. Caprellidæ from Laguna Beach, 222. Short Notes, 233. Gardner, Leon L. Additional Notes on the Birds of Laguna Beach, 235. Cockerell, T. D. A. A New Dipterous Gall on Stanleya, 240. Bean, Prof. A. M. Hydroids of Laguna Beach, 242. Summer School at Laguna Beach, 245. Index to Volume VI Acarina, 55. Achorutes, 165. californica, 165. citri, 166. Actitis macularius, 237 . Ægialitis novisa, 237 . semipalmata, 237 . Aglaophenia inconspictus, 243 . Aglaophenia struthionides, 243 . Alexander, C. P., 12, 105. Ammodramus savannarum bimaculatus, 238 . Anisomera longicornis, 21. Antenella avalonia, 243 . Aplonyx sarcobati, 93. Aphoruridæ, 168. Aphorura, 170. lutea, 170. montis, 171. Arrhenica spinosa, 27. Asterina miniata, 211 . Astroglinus tristis salicamans, 238 . Asteropecten erinoceus, 211 . Atemnus hirsutus, 203 , 195 . Bacon, G. A., 45, 84, 137. Balanus nubilus, 213 . tintinnabulum californicus, 212 . Banks, Nathan, 55. Barnacles, 212 . Bdellidæ, 55. Bdella utilis, 55. Bean, A. M., 242 . Birds, Laguna Beach, 235 . Buteo borealis colurus, 237 . Caligonus terminalis, 57. Canestrinidæ, 61. Canestrinia blattophaga, 61. Campanulariidæ, 244 . Campodea montis, 86. kelloggi, 91. folsomi, 91. Caprellidæ, 222 . æquilibra, 224 . geometrica, 222 . septentrionalis, 223 . Catoptrophorus semipalmatus inornatus, 237 . Centrochares horrificus, 69. Centrotoscelus, 72. typus, 73. Ceryle alcyon, 238 . Chelanops acuminatus, 193 . lagunæ, 42, 193 . paludis, 81, 193 . pallipes, 193 . serratus, 193 . Chelifer cancroides, 187. fuscipes, 188 . scabrisulus, 192 . Cheyletidæ, 56. Cheyletus cocciphilus, 56. Chloræmidæ, 219 . Cinura, 86. Cirratulidæ, 219 . Cirratulus robustus, 219 . spirobranchus, 219 . Clymenella rubrocincta, 219 . Coccidæ of Japan, 1, 48, 133. Cockerell, T. D. A., 240 . Collembola, 137. Corpuscles, birds, 221 . Corvus corax sinuatus, 238 . Crane flies, 12, 105. Cryptaspidia pubera, 69. tagalica, 69. Cunaxa aramata, 55. Cyphodeirus, 162. albinus, 162. Diptera, 12, 105. Disparipes apicola, 61. Drepanura, 154. californica, 155. Eggs, invertebrates, 215 . Entomobrya, 155. binoculata, 157. chitellaria, 158. laguna, 160. multifasciata, 158. sexoculata, 156. Entomobryidæ. Entrychocampa wilsoni, 92. Eriocera, 12. fultonensis, 30. longicornis, 21. macquart, 12. spinosa, 27. Eriococcus festucæ, 2. Essig, E. O., 76. Eunicidæ, 218 . Euphrosyne aurantiaca, 218 . Euphrosynidæ, 218 . Eusmatura pamoicensis, 236 . Evalljapyx propinquus, 92. Ewing, H. E., 121. Felt, E. P., 93. Fish, Laguna Beach, 233 . Funkhouser, W. D., 67. Gardner, L. L., 235 . Gardner, R. E., 86. Gargara, 69. luteipennis, 71. nigro-fasciata, 70. nitidipennis, 71. pulchripennis, 70. tuberculata, 70. varicolor, 69. Gavia, 235 . immer, 235 . pacifica, 236 . Glyceridæ, 219 . Haliætus leucocephalus leucocephalus, 237 . Halosydna, 217 . californica, 217 . insignis, 217 . Hamilton, W. F., 217 . Harmothoe hirsuta, 218 . Hemipodia borealis, 219 . Hermellidæ, 219 . Heteractitis incanus, 237 . Hilton, W. A., 38, 95, 134, 198 . Himantopus mexicanus, 236 . Hirundo erythrogastra, 238 . Hughes, S. P., 212 . Hydroids, 242 . Ideobisium threveneti, 196 . Ideoroncus obscurus, 196 . Isotoma, 145. aquæ, 147. aspera, 149. besselsii, 148. bidenticula, 147. catena, 152. minima, 149. palustris, 153. viridis, 150. Japan, Coccidæ of, 1. Japygidæ, 92. Kermes branigani, 100. mirabilis, 133. sasseri, 48. King, Geo. B., 48, 100, 133. Kuwana, S. I., 1. La Follette, R., 204 , 222 . Laguna Beach, 245 . Larus heermanni, 236 . Lecanium pseudomagnoliarum, 7. Lecanium magnoliarum, 7. Lecythorhynchus, 134. Lepas anatifera, 214 . fasciculatus, 214 . Lepidasthenia gigas, 217 . Lepismidæ, 92. Leptrocentrus reponens, 69. Lichti, P. A., 215 . Linckia columbiæ, 209 . Liogma nodicornis, 105. Lloyd, J. T., 12. Lumbriconereidæ, 218 . Lumbriconereis erecta, 218 . McFadden, E. T., 50. Macrorhamphus griseus scolopaceus, 236 . Macrocheles sublaevis, 59. Map—Claremont-Laguna, 144. Melanerpes formicivorus bairdi, 238 . Membracidæ, 57. Mergus serrator, 236 . Mitella polymerus, 213 . Mola mola, 233 . Moldanidæ, 219 . Moles, M. L., 42, 81, 187 . Mycochanes richardsoni richardsoni, 238 . Neanura, 168. gigantea, 45, 95. Nebalia, 204 . Nematoda, 220 . Nemertinea, 220 . Nereidæ, 218 . Nereis agassizi, 218 . virens, 218 . Nervous system, 38, 95, 134, 198 . Obisium macilentum, 195. Ordemia deglandi, 236 . perspicillata, 236 . Ophiomegistus, 58. luzonensis, 58. Orthasterias gonolena, 209 . Otus asio bendirei, 237 . Pandion haliætus carolinensis, 237 . Pennariidæ, 242 . Parasitidæ, 58. Parasitus inaegualis, 59. Perrisia stanleyæ, 241 . Phenacoccus azaleæ, 1. Phyllodocidæ, 218 . Pisaster capitatus, 209 . Pisaster ochraceus, 209 . Pionosyllis elongatus, 217 . Plumulariidæ, 243 . Plumularia lagenifera, 243 . setacea, 243 . Poduridæ, 164. Polyaspis lamellipes, 58. Polychaeta, 217 . Polynoidæ, 217 . Popirius, 144. Porichthys notatus, 233 . Protodiaspis, 76. agrifolia, 76. Pseudoscorpion, 42, 81, 187 . Pseudosira, 164. domestica, 164. Pulvinaria, 3. citricola, 3. idesiæ, 6. okilsuensis, 5. photiniac, 4. Pycnogonida, 134. Pyrgonota bifoliata, 67. Rivers, J. J., 98. Rhyncholophidæ, 56. Rhyncholophus moestus, 56. Sabellidæ, 219 . Sabellaria californica, 220 . Schmardanella californica, 219 . Sea urchins, 234 . Serpulidæ, 219 . Sertularia fuscata, 243 . tricuspidata, 243 . Sertulariidæ, 243 . Sinella, 145. curviseta, 145. Sipylus nodipennis, 72. Smynthuridæ, 143. Smynthurus, 144. Spider, 121. Starfish, 209 . Syllidæ, 217 . Tarsonemidæ, 60. Tarsonemus approximatus, 60. assimilis, 60. Terrebellidæ, 219 . Tetranychidæ, 57. Tetranychus simplex, 57. telarius, 121. Tipulidæ, 12, 105. Tomocerus, 161. bidentatus, 162. vulgaris, 161. Tricentrus, 67. convergens, 68. fairmairei, 67. pilinervosus, 68. Tubularia, 242 . Tullbergia, 84, 171. collis, 172. Turbellaria, 220 . Wang, Chi Tsau, 221 . Worms, 217 . Xenylla, 38, 166. collis, 167. paludis, 168. Xylococcus napiformis, 1. Pseudoscorpions in the Claremont-Laguna Region MARGARET M. MOLES Many individuals may be found in a certain vicinity. In the valleys where oak and sycamore trees grow abundantly there can be found as many as seventy-five on the lower trunk of one tree. They are all of one or two species. In all the student collections that have been carried on here in college for the last ten years there have never been more than four or five species collected. It was only through special collection that the other species were found. Very few were found under stones, where they are so often spoken of as living, and few were found among fallen leaves. Some were collected in rotten poplar and pine logs. In the marshy ground at Chino they were found under leaves and stones and were very abundant on the poplar trees. The distribution of the pseudoscorpions extends from an altitude of 5000 down to within ten feet of the ocean. Concerning their habits of living little can be found. Many small spiders were found in their claws, also the small mites that live underneath the bark of trees. Several experiments were tried with some that were brought into the laboratory. The results were: 1. The pseudoscorpions would not go into Eucalyptus bark. 2. They could not live in a glass dish if water was not placed in it somewhere. If water was left out, they would dry up within twenty-four hours. 3. They avoided the sunlight and would go under cover. 4. They would remain in one spot without moving for a day at a time. Chelifer cancroides Linn Description : Length—including mandibles, 3 mm.; pedipalps, 4 mm.; claw, 1.5 mm. Color—Pedipalps, dark reddish brown; cephalothorax, dark reddish brown; abdomen, lighter than the palps and cephalothorax; legs, light yellow brown. Cephalothorax : Evenly rounded in front; one distinct median suture, two distinct eye spots. Abdomen : Twice as long as it is broad and divided into eleven distinct sutures. All of the scuta about the same size except the last one, which is a great deal shorter and broader than the rest. Each scutum is provided with two strong, spiny hairs on the outer edge. The whole body is heavily granulated, the cephalothorax having knob-like protuberances all along the edges. Pedipalps : Larger than the whole animal. Coxa, smooth; trochanter with large protuberance ending in a heavy spine on the outer edge. Femur longer than cephalothorax, pedicellate. Tibia, concave on inner edge, pedicellate, shorter than femur. Trochanter, femur and tibia strongly granulated and sparsely covered with almost clavate hairs. Claw of good size, finger a little shorter than the hand. Hand evenly convex on outer and inner edges. Finger slightly curved, smooth, with many long simple tactile hairs. Mandibles : Small, fixed finger provided with many small teeth. Serrula attached throughout length of moveable finger. Spinnerets long and transparent. Mandibles are provided with five or more heavy long hairs. Flagellum : Divided into four separate parts. Legs : First two with trochantins, claws simple, legs covered with almost clavate hairs. Habitat : Barns or buildings of this community; also found in some of the common trees, such as the oak and sycamore. This was collected in Whittier, Claremont, Lytle Creek and San Antonio canyons, and the smaller canyons near Claremont. Chelifer fuscipes Banks. Figs. 1 and 2 Description : Length of animal, including mandibles, 4 mm.; pedipalps, 5.5 mm.; claw, 2 mm. Color—Pedipalps, reddish brown; cephalothorax, reddish brown; abdomen and legs, light brown. Figure 1. Chelifer fuscipes Banks. From below and above. ×25. Figure 2. Chelifer fuscipes , third leg and mandible much enlarged. Cephalothorax : As long as it is broad. Upper edge almost truncate, yet rounded; sides evenly convex, lower edge almost straight. Cephalothorax finely granulate and heavy, simple spine-like hairs placed in a definite order. One distinct median suture. Two eye spots. Abdomen : Half as broad as it is long and divided into twelve scuta. The outer edges of each scutum are prolonged into curved hooked spines. The first scutum is the shortest and broadest, and has the heavier spine or hook, while the last two segments often lack the hook. The abdomen is finely granulate and at the lower edge of each scutum there are eight heavy, short, simple hairs. Pedipalps : Longer than body, coxa smooth, trochanter with large protuberance ending in a strong spine on outer side; femur longer than cephalothorax, slightly concave on inner edge, convex on outer edge. Tibia pedicellate, shorter than femur. The trochanter, femur and tibia are all granulate and sparsely covered with short, simple hairs. Claw large, hand broad, smoothly convex on both sides; finger as long as the hand and slightly curved. It is also provided with long, tactile hairs. Figure 3. Pedipalp of Chelanops serratus n. sp. ×50. Mandibles : Small for size of animal; fixed finger provided with small teeth. Serrula attached throughout the length of moveable finger. Flagellum divided into small parts. Spinnerets small and transparent. Legs : First three legs with trochantins, claws simple, legs covered with simple hairs. Habitat : Sycamore canyons, Laguna Beach, Whittier Hills, Cucamonga canyon, Arrowhead canyon, Lytle Creek canyon, Evey's canyon, San Antonio canyon, and from oak and sycamore trees around the college campus. Chelifer scabrisulis Simon I will not describe the details of this species, because it is so much like the last described, differing from C. fuscipes by not having the prolonged hooks like spines, on the outer edges of each abdominal scutum. The color differs from the other two. The abdomen and legs are light brown. The cephalothorax and palps are a little darker yellowish brown. The habitat of this species was the same as that of C. fuscipes . When collecting, they were generally found together. Chelanops oblongus Say Description: Length of body, including mandibles, 5 mm; abdomen, 4 mm.; pedipalps, 4.5 mm.; claw, 2 mm. Color—Cephalothorax, light reddish brown, pedipalps darker, abdomen yellow with dark brown spots, legs pale yellow. Cephalothorax: Very short for length of body. Front margin truncate, sides almost straight, lower margin slightly convex, smooth and shiny and provided with many short hairs. Abdomen: Four times as long as it is wide; sub-parallel sides. Each scutum with a dark spot on each side and each dark spot surrounded by long, simple hairs arranged in a definite order. Pedipalps: Nearly as long as the body, coxa smooth, trochanter stout and short; femur pedicellate, broadest part being near base, as long as the cephalothorax, inner edge slightly concave, outer edge strongly convex; tibia shorter than femur, pedicellate, strongly convex on inner edge, on outer edge slightly concave near base, but strongly convex beyond. Claw: Large, finger very stout and curved, shorter than the hand. Hand very broad, very convex on outer edge, only slightly so on inner edge. The trochanter, femur and tibia are covered with stout simple hairs of varying length. Mandibles: Small and short, serrula attached throughout length of finger, spinnerets small and transparent. Legs: Short and stout, covered with short, stout, simple hairs. Habitat : This has been reported from Palm Springs, but one specimen was found within our area at Brown's Flats, at about four thousand feet elevation, in an old pine log. Chelanops pallipes Banks Similar to C. dorsalis , but fingers longer than hand and very slender; tibia also slender, less convex on the inner side, hard parts with clavate hairs. Three millimeters long. (From Banks.) Habitat : Los Angeles and vicinity, but has not yet been found in our immediate region. Chelanops acuminatus Simon Cephalothorax and palpi reddish brown, with short but not clavate hairs; no eye spots; pedipalps rather short, hand evenly convex on inner side at base, fingers much shorter than the hand and quite stout. 3 mm. long. (From Banks.) Habitat : Claremont and Los Angeles. Chelanops lagunæ Moles This species was described in the March number of this Journal, 1914. It differs chiefly from C. dorsalis Banks by having two eye spots. It is a smaller species. This small species was found in Sycamore canyon, near Laguna Beach. Chelanops paludis Moles This species was described in the June, 1914, number of this Journal. The very broad form of the abdomen is characteristic. This was found on poplar trees and in poplar logs in the Chino swamp. Chelanops serratus n. sp. Fig. 3 Description : Length—Pedipalps, 3 mm. Impossible to take measurements of other parts, for slide was so poorly made, but the body was small. Color—Cephalothorax and pedipalps, strong yellow brown; legs and abdomen, light yellow. Cephalothorax : As long as it is broad, sides evenly convex, upper margin straight, one distinct median suture; no eye spots; surface of cephalothorax very granular.